1. 急求一網路營銷方面或電影宣傳的外文文獻及中文翻譯，要求外文字數2萬左右
在Elsevier SD 外姿拍文期刊資料庫里下一篇關於Network marketing的文章少說也要$30，你還想加翻譯，你就想100分得陵念到，有這么好的事不？等著誰慷慨點下得有跡汪羨送你吧！
2. 能給我發一份網路營銷相關的英文文獻和翻譯么
你好，收到了你的問題。
這方櫻團面原版外文的文獻有，中文文獻也有，不過帶翻譯的基本上找棚頌仿不到，即使有也是要付費的。我已經發幾份相關文獻給你了鏈纖。
3. 急！！！跪求網路營銷類外文+翻譯，網路營銷類外文+翻譯，老大們誰有資源幫幫忙
B2C是英文Business-to-Consumer（商家對客戶）的縮寫，而其中文簡稱為「商對客」。「商對客」是電子商務的一種模式，也就是通常說的商業零售，直接面向消費者銷售產品和服務。這種形式的電子商務一般以網路零售業為主，主要藉助於互聯網開展在線銷售活動。
編輯本段
主要模式
綜合商城
它有龐大的購物群體，有穩定的網站平台，有完備的支付體系，誠信安
當當網
全體系（盡管目前仍然有很多不足），促進了賣家進駐賣東西，買家進去買東西。如同傳統商城一樣，淘寶自己是不賣東西的，是提供了完備的銷售配套。
商城，謂之城，自然城中會有許多店，是的，綜合商城就如我們平時進入天河城、 正佳 、新大新 等現實生活中的大商城一樣。商城一樓可能是一級品牌，然後二樓是女士服飾，三樓男士服飾，四樓運動/裝飾，五樓手機數碼，六樓特價…… 將N個品牌專賣店裝進去，這就是商城。而後面的 淘寶商城 也自然是這個形式，跟傳統無異，它有龐大的購物群體，有穩定的網站平台，有完備的支付體系，誠信安全體系（盡管目前仍然有很多不足），促進了賣家進駐賣東西，買家進去買東西。如同傳統商城一樣，淘寶自己是不賣東西的，是提供了完備的銷售配套。
而線上的商城，在人氣足夠，產品豐富，物流便捷的情況下，其成本優勢，二十四小時的不夜城，無區域限制，更豐富的產品等等優勢，體現著網上綜合商城即將獲得交易市場的一個角色。
這種商城在線下是以區域來劃分的，每個大的都市總有三五個大的商城。而互聯網這一領域，也註定了三五家綜合商城獨大。
淘寶商城
線上的商城，在人氣足夠，產品豐富，物流便捷的情況下，其成本優勢，二十四小時的不夜城，無區域限制，更豐富的產品等等優勢，體現著網上綜合商城即將獲得交易市場的一個角色。
代表：淘寶商城
百貨商店
商店，謂之店，說明賣家只有一個；而百貨，即是滿足日常消費需求的豐富產品線。這種商店是有自有倉庫，會庫存系列產品，以備更快的物流配送和客戶服務。這種店甚至會有自己的品牌。就如同線下的沃爾瑪，屈臣氏，百佳百貨。
代表：亞馬遜、當當、卓越
垂直商店
這種商城的產品存在著更多的相似性，要麼都是滿足於某一人群的，要麼是滿足於某種需要，亦或某種平台的（如電器）。
垂直商店，存在於互聯網上有多少有呢？這取決於市場的細分。設定細分的種類是X的話，那就是X的三到五倍，因為每一個領域，總有三五家在那裡競爭著，盡管互聯網大家都說沒有老二，但也其實不然，盡管老二活得很辛苦，也是卧薪嘗膽，堅挺地活著。 而也正因為有了良好的競爭格局，而促進了服務完善。
代表：數碼家電類：中國巨蛋 女裝內衣類：麥考林 嬰兒用品類：紅孩子
復合品牌店
類似這種店，隨著電子商務的成熟，會越來
佐丹奴
越多的傳統品牌商加入電商戰場，以 搶佔新市場，拓充新渠道，優化產品與渠道資源為目標，一波大肆進軍的勢頭蠢蠢欲動。
代表：佐丹奴 百麗
輕型品牌店
輕型的品牌店是可行的，關鍵是別迷茫了自己，找出自己核心的競爭力，其它讓更強的人來承擔。而眼下，再有想著什麼都是自己乾的老闆們，也需要重新思考了，別讓自己絆倒。
服務型網店
服務型的網店越來越多，都是為了滿足人們不同的個性需求，甚至 是幫你排隊買電影票，都有人交易，很期待見到更多的服務形式的網店。
導購引擎型
比如導購類型的網站是使購物的趣味性、便捷性大大增加 同時諸多購物網站都推出了購物返現，少部分推出了聯合購物返現 這些都用來滿足大部分消費者的需求，許多消費者以不單單滿足直接進入b2c網站購物了。購物前都會通過一些網購導購網站。
代表：網易返現
Business-to-consumer (B2C, sometimes also called Business-to-Customer) describes activities of businesses serving end consumers with procts and/or services.
An example of a B2C transaction would be a person buying a pair of shoes from a retailer. The transactions that led to the shoes being available for purchase, that is the purchase of the leather, laces, rubber, etc. as well as the sale of the shoe from the shoemaker to the retailer would be considered (B2B) transactions.
[edit]Types of B2C
While the term e-commerce refers to all online transactions, B2C stands for "business-to-consumer" and applies to any business or organization that sells its procts or services to consumers over the Internet for its own use. When most people think of B2C e-commerce, they think of Amazon, the online bookseller that launched its site in 1995 and quickly took on the nation's major retailers. In addition to online retailers, B2C has grown to include services such as online banking, travel services, online auctions, health information and real estate sites. Peer-to-peer sites such as Craigslist also fall under the B2C category.
B2C e-commerce went through some tough times, particularly after the technology-heavy Nasdaq crumbled in 2000. In the ensuing dotcom carnage, hundreds of e-commerce sites shut their virtual doors and some experts predicted years of struggle for online retail ventures. Since then, however, shoppers have continued to flock to the web in increasing numbers. In fact, North American consumers adopted e-commerce so much that despite growing fears about identity theft, they spent $172 billion shopping online in 2005, up from $38.8 billion in 2000.
By 2010, consumers are expected to spend $329 billion each year online, according to Forrester Research. What』s more, the percentage of U.S. households shopping online is expected to grow from 39 percent this year to 48 percent in 2010.
[edit]Unique attributes
Negotiation: Selling to another business involves haggling over prices, delivery and proct specifications. Not so with most consumer sales. That makes it easier for retailers to put a catalog online, and it's why the first B2B applications were for buying finished goods or commodities that are simple to describe and price.
Integration: Retailers don't have to integrate with their customers' systems. Companies selling to other businesses, however, need to make sure they can communicate without human intervention. But Buisnesses Should Not Be Mean To The Consumer
4. 想找一篇關於《網路營銷與傳統營銷的比較研究》的外文文獻和翻譯
The network marketing and traditional marketing what's different? The network marketing theoretically, the Internet, no time, by many regional limits and even means also greatly ahead, contain great business opportunity. Practically, it also or marketing, just with the high-tech means, he also has a management idea problem, also have strategic planning questions, there's a environmental analysis, a target market, a marketing strategy and method of performance, market competition and develop such problems, the off-line (the traditional marketing) all do bad enterprise, it is impossible to do in Internet marketing. A, management concept 1, ShiChangGuan problem Online "DengKeShangMen" is still relatively common, "selling concept" also has a large market, this regarding the effect of Internet marketing has a great effect. The initiative to understand and analyze the market environment, keenly feel market, find market opportunities and threats, the market for marketing or business, summarize unceasingly and use of market rules and mechanisms, make full use of market resources, these problems in online also need attention. And the off-line marketing without substantial difference. Without these, off-line slow-moving, online also not marketable; Offline you will only DengKeShangMen, online you wouldn't the initiative; Offline you only can call "this enterprise proction XXX, breed together, complete in specification, competitive price, welcome to our customers throughout", "general manager XXX with all the staffs greet you!" Selling advertising, online, you have a "science and technology humanist." , "create tomorrow's new life!" The idea of advertising, even if such, may contain imitation nature, very pale, because behavior need concept and level do inside information. 2, gu objective problem The following about customers view though conventional marketing, but also to the network marketing has revealed: -- have customer is actually an important resource of enterprises, the resources even more important than capital, labor, so enterprises should take customers as an important resources to run and attention; - although the final purpose is enterprise profit, but to meet the customer is the most fundamental means. Constructing "the customer center" management and marketing model and marketing clues help enterprises to better achieve this goal; - stand in "the customer position" consider may help prevent enterprise operating in the error and long-term development, and not hamper the enterprise their goals. Enterprise in concept should first turn; - "the customer center" the idea to melt into enterprise culture, enterprise organization, operating, want careful to each link, to into employee consciously action. Implement the "gu objective" at the very least, the starting point and the breakthrough lies in understanding the customer, familiar with customers, relatively high level is the pursuit of customer satisfaction, higher level is the customer as an enterprise of "important resources" to business and care. The network marketing if did not realize the importance of customers and no analysis of the characteristics and needs of the customers, cannot achieve customer satisfaction, its effect is of course the discount. Some enterprise network marketing means also revealed its customers "position" or not seriously consider "customers position". 3, strategic concept problems At large, global focus on planning, small, the ability to implement ornamented with attitude, can also affect the network marketing, lack of an overview ability and ideas, and there is no effective implementation of means, network marketing may not well. What is the status of the network, and your customers in the target market is where, how, what, market target marketing steps, marketing measures, key and breakthrough? I'm afraid all is to consider. The market need planning, customer need planned measures, marketing tool needs a system arrangement. 4, opportunities view problems Online unlimited business opportunities, how do you go to find it, discover it, analyze it and use it? The current market opportunities for operators, the operation, quality, experience, information processing power and means have higher requirements. Just think: a total enterprises, an even basic work is done bad enterprise, can adapt to the information society and the information platform needs? ! 5, innovation and pioneering conceptual problem The network itself is innovation results. Internet marketing methods, means, customer contact, trading methods and so on innovation and and the traditional marketing, flowers bloom, like emerge in endlessly, it is further expand the important means business credentials. Just website case, just those waking enterprise and old total photos, proct photos, enterprise introction, honorary certificate within less than effect, I'm afraid. Second, marketing tool Use "online peddler" calls many enterprise "network marketing" means is much. Just for a site, it didn't call the advantages of the Internet into full play, but is the practice of the off-line brought to online. The network marketing means, as with realistic marketing and has great creative entomological12 society, far more than "sell" and "peddled" and "advertising". At least the following method can realize: online 1, at present a lot of enterprise dedicated procts and service marketing and advertising sales; 2, attract and train, operation customer resources (to attract potential customers, understand customer, customer communication, to cultivate customer loyalty depth); Three, market information collection and processing (many enterprise noticed who "buy" what, need what, actually, customer information, procts information, technical information, competitive information, information instry, the policy is not only real marketing information... must be, network marketing can also be important information source added); 4, Internet marketing management, the author will encounter some enterprise, hope for their development network marketing work platform, the solicitor platform, customer platform is some good practices; 5, corporate image of the publicity and promotion; 6, online public relations; 7 and online customer service; 8, on-line enterprise cooperation; So on, including various enterprises create more means, more features. Online marketing invalid, may be realistic marketing of these means are not in value result is marketing also stay in "selling concept" performance. Three, marketing style problem Marketing not pragmatic, eager, blundering wind also reflect on the network. Build a web site and send some e-mails, they want to receive one transaction, the hope customers buying immediately, the management process of the reality doesn't lay the foundation of the blood, toil, enterprise management level of the enterprise's business credit enhancement, and establish, enterprise customer resources' training, enterprise technical quality progress, cultivate enterprise competitive advantage, where is the day will achieve no advantage in offline, is the advantage on the net? Even the site itself, also not the wish input, expect the "bottom line, even network marketing" as is "without this marketing". Often hear a enterprise said, I built on the Internet websites, how will not bring a transaction, even visit people have no! He who seem hinting cause. Website customers come from visitors, and customer is proced by numerous visitors, you don't go to understand visitors (possible customer), where nakedly, lack of fundamental attraction peddle, again not to cultivate visitors resources, who come to visit you. Web site again not planning, content and insipid, information updates, and even fewer mistakes, some enterprises or even proct prices have, some enterprise in different page price and type is paradoxical. Can you say this kind of practice is responsible earnestly, pragmatic? Not on the Internet still good, just exposes his management style. The network marketing, no target market, and no target market, no effective marketing mix strategy, no systematic thinking and planning, no foundation work dependably how can you be? Although the network marketing and traditional marketing in the way a lot of difference, but marketing in common is mutually, to do "network marketing", must have the ability to do the traditional marketing, can more effectively, more and more channels for a greater scope on make full use of the Internet tools and resources 。
5. 中小企業網路營銷的實證分析論文開題報告
中小企業網路營銷的實證分析論文開題報告
1.本課題所涉及的問題在國內(外)的研究現狀綜述
(1)國外中小企業網路營銷研究現狀
美國的網路營銷理論研究和實踐都處於世界前列。斯坦福大學的Ard Manson 教授在他的《網路營銷原理》一書中首次系統的介紹了網際網路給營銷帶來的深刻變革，解釋了網路營銷的基本原理，闡述了網路營銷的框架以及網路營銷的具體實施策略。Cliff Allen 在其《一對一網路營銷》一書中對“一對一網路營銷”的基本概念和實施技術、策略進行了深入探討。美國 Emory 大學 Goizueta 商學院教授賈帝許，謝斯等在所著的《網路營銷》一書中認為，在互聯網作為信息和通訊媒體而高速發展並被普遍接受的今天，沒有哪一項企業職能像營銷職能一樣，能夠發生如此深刻的變革。互聯網作為產品、服務信息一體化媒體、互動通訊工具以及交易的市場，對市場營銷實踐所產生的影響，遠遠大於工業革命中所誕生的印刷技術等。“網路營銷”這一炙手可熱的名詞，因為互聯網對人們強大的誘惑力和其自身堅定地前進步伐而受到追捧。內華達大學里諾分校的營銷學副教授朱迪。施特勞斯等在其著作《網路營銷》中闡述了互聯網及其技術在營銷功能、營銷策略、消費者行為方面對傳統營銷學所產生的影響，及這些影響所促成的增加客戶價值並提高公司盈利能力的新的商業模式。
(2)我國中小企業網路營銷研究現狀
目前國內對網路營銷的系統研究還處於初級階段，理論基礎和內容框架都不完善，有些方面也表現出與實踐脫節，大量新的、有價值的網路營銷方法還沒有得到及時的提煉和總結。另一方面，由於對網路營銷理論研究的不足，我們的已有的市場營銷理論又很難對網路營銷的普遍實踐給予較好的指導。
而2010年06月08日《中國互聯網狀況》白皮書的發布，更是明確指出建立了電子商務系統的大型企業已超過50%，通過互聯網尋找供應商的中小企業超過30%，通過互聯網從事營銷推廣的中小企業達24%等數據。網路營銷這個趨勢在中國已經是在蓬勃發展。生產型、貿易型、服務型各行各業通過使用網路營銷而消除了與客戶之間的時間以及空間的局限性，相互之間的交互得以更加的迅速頻繁而且更加經濟。
目前中國的中小企業網路營銷方式主要分為以下幾種：信息群發(包括郵件群發，論壇群發，黃頁登陸等)、搜索引擎營銷(包括網路Google等搜索營銷關鍵字廣告、網站優化(SEO)等)、行業網站(B2B和他行業網站)等。郵件群發是早期最流行也最簡單的網路營銷方式，但是因為其特點而飽受詬病，而因為其針對性不強所以並不適合企業間的網路營銷而沒落;現在流行的是信息群發和黃頁批量登陸，這種採取廣撒網策略的推廣方式也不是很得人心;而應用最廣泛的則是B2B和相關行業網站，因為其收費低廉而且費用明確;以效果取勝的則是搜索引擎公司推出的關鍵字廣告業務，美中不足的是客戶消費費用屢遭質疑。還有一些網路營銷小工具，比如流量統計、在線客服等，基本上都是屬於輔助型網路營銷工具。
2. 本人對課題任務書提出的任務要求及實現預期目標的可行性分析
本人對“市場營銷”和“電子商務”的相關理論有一定的基礎，尤是對其中的“網路營銷”有很大的關注。河南省的中小企業在經過了早期的原始積累和近期的飛速發展後，目前大都面臨著如何突破臨界狀態。而網路營銷這種新的營銷模式或許會對這些中小企業的發展有所幫助。
在開始寫作論文之前，將會閱讀大量的關於中小企業發展和網路營銷發面的的文獻資料，加深自己對該課題更深入的的了解，同時也培養自己對該課題更加濃厚的興趣，寫出最好的論文。
通過前期的搜集資料和實地調查研究，對河南省中小企業目前的的網路營銷實際情況有了更深入的.了解，在此基礎上，詳細分析其現狀及影響發展的因素，闡述供中小企業參考的網路營銷模式及實現步驟。本人認為可以達到任務書提出的任務要求及實現預期目標。
3 .本課題需要重點研究的、關鍵的問題及解決的思路
(1)本課題需要重點研究的、關鍵的問題：
河南省中小企業網路營銷的現狀及存在的問題。
影響河南省中小企業網路營銷發展的因素。
中小企業網路營銷的模式及具體實現步驟。
(2)解決思路：
了解一些網路營銷發展較好的企業的實踐經驗。
運用營銷學及電子商務發面的知識對企業網路營銷發展的現狀進行分析。
根據分析得出的結論並結合企業實際制定網路營銷發展的模式及實現步驟。
最後對前面的研究分析進行總結，希望能得出一些可供中小企業借鑒的經驗。
4.完成本課題所必須的工作條件 (如工具書、實驗設備或實驗環境條件、某類市場調研、計算機輔助設計條件等等)及解決的辦法
工作條件：
(1)利用網路，尋找搜集網路營銷相關資料和與題目相關的研究論文;
(2)利用學校圖書館，查詢摘錄與論文所研究內容有關的書籍和期刊文獻資料;
(3)去一些中小企業實地搜集網路營銷方面的相關資料信息。
解決辦法：
根據指導老師的推薦和要求，通過網路查詢相關的資料，並在圖書館查找相關的工具書進行參考閱讀和摘錄，進入學院網上圖書館查閱學院提供的期刊雜志上關於網路營銷的文獻資料，到一些具有代表性的中小企業實地了解其網路營銷的相關信息;將搜集到的資料進行系統的整理和分析，做好論文撰寫的前期准備工作。
參考文獻：
[1] 陳慶. 網路營銷與傳統營銷的比較研究[J]. 商業文化, 2011,(02) :154
[2] 何燕春. 我國網路營銷策略探析[J]. 現代商貿工業 , 2011,(11) :104
[3] 宗勝春. 網路營銷:中小企業的營銷戰略選擇[J]. 商業文化(下半月) , 2011,(03) :128
[4] 蔡利. 淺析網路營銷與傳統營銷的關系及發展[J]. 企業家天地, 2011,(03) :1-2
[5] 孫長江, 霍寧. 論比較優勢中的體育用品網路營銷策略[J]. 中國商貿 , 2011,(18) :38-39
[6] 謝旭花. 網路營銷環境下的網店營銷策略探討[J]. 科技情報開發與經濟 , 2011,(16) :157-158
[7] 徐長冬, 王松. 基於網路個人消費者購買行為的網路營銷策略[J]. 北方經貿 , 2011,(02) :41-43
[8] 王勁濤. 工業零配件產品網路營銷分析[J]. 現代商貿工業 , 2011,(10) :125-127
[9] 顧子龍. 服裝的網路營銷策略[J]. 黑龍江紡織 , 2011,(02) :29-32
[10] 徐可塑. 網路事件營銷策略與實施[J]. 學理論 , 2011,(23) :149-150
[11] 龍長華. 加快我區中小企業發展的對策分析[J]. 當代廣西 , 2011,(15) :46-47
[12] 羅素娟. 國外中小企業技術創新實踐比較研究[J]. 企業導報 , 2011,(03) :294-295
[13] 張衛東. 解決中小企業融資難問題的對策[J]. 經營與管理 , 2011,(03) :18-19
[14] 姜濤, 焦育榮, 李國芳. 論我國中小企業技術創新服務體系的建立[J]. 中小企業管理與科技(下旬刊) , 2011,(08) :67-69
[15] 姚小遙. 中小企業外貿發展的相關思考[J]. 價格與市場 , 2011,(04) :33-36
5.完成本課題的工作方案及進度計劃
(1)根據自己的愛好和已有的知識確定研究的課題內容和方向。
(2)通過與指導老師進行交流溝通，進一步了解該課題所研究的主要內容是什麼，從何方面去對課題進行研究。
(3)做好寫開題報告和畢業論文的准備工作，大量收集與課題內容有關的資料。
(4)自接到任務書起按照任務書的要求開始撰寫開題報告。
(5)完成開題報告後開始寫畢業論文初稿。
(6)針對初稿的不足開始寫二稿，保留初稿的優處，完善劣處。
(7)提交畢業論文三稿，對二稿的不足進一步完善，交於指導老師審定。
(8)確定定稿。按照格式要求列印出畢業論文。
(9)准備論文答辯。
(10)參加論文答辯。
(11)完成畢業論文的撰寫任務。
論文開題報告的格式
一、論文開題報告的意義
碩士論文開題報告是研究生在完成文獻調研後寫成的關於學位論文選題與如何實施的論述性報告。論文開題報告既是文獻調研的聚焦點,又是學位論文研究工作展開的散射點,對研究工作起到定位作用。
寫論文開題報告的目的,是要請老師及專家們幫忙判斷一下所研究的選題有沒有價值,研究方法是否奏效,論證邏輯有沒有明顯缺陷。因此論文開題報告就要圍繞研究的主要內容,擬解決的主要問題(或闡述的主要觀點),研究步驟、方法及措施為主要內容。但筆者在工作實踐中發現有很多學生往往在論文開題報告中花費大量筆墨敘述別人的研究成果,談到自己的研究方法時,往往寥寥數語一筆帶過。這樣,不便於評審老師指導。
二、如何寫論文開題報告
(一)論文開題報告的前提——通過理論思維選擇課題
在工作實踐中,發現碩士研究生論文開題報告中存在的普遍問題是選題不合適。有的提出的問題太過“平庸”,有的選題范圍太大,研究內容太多、太寬泛,提出的問題不切合碩士生的實際,實踐操作起來難度較大。如有的學生提出的論文題目:“新型中性鎳催化劑的研究及其催化合成聚乙 烯 、聚丙 烯 的研究”,此選題有意義,有創新,作者的研究思路也比較正確,但論文選題范圍太大,研究內容對於一個碩士生來說明顯偏多,無法按時完成。因此應重新確定研究內容,注重項目的可操作性。
那麼如何選擇研究問題呢?這里要強調的是通過理論思維來發現研究問題。
理論是由一系列前設和術語構造的邏輯體系,特定領域的理論有其特定的概念、范疇和研究範式,只有在相同的概念、視角和範式下,理論才能夠對話。只有通過對話,理論才能夠發展。碩博論文要想創造新理論很難,多數是在既有理論的基礎上加以發展。
其次,選擇問題是一個“剝皮”的過程,理論問題總是深深地隱藏在復雜的現實背後,而發現理論問題,則需要運用理論思維的能力。這就需要我們不斷鍛煉和提高自己的理論思維能力,需要在日常的學習中,不斷總結和分析以往的研究者大體是從哪些視角來分析和研究問題,運用了哪些理論工具和方法,通過學習和總結來不斷提高自己的理論思維能力,從而選擇具有學術理論價值和應用價值,並與國家經濟建設及導師承擔的科學研究項目緊密結合的研究問題。
(二)做好文獻綜述,為論文開題報告打好基礎
在研究生論文開題報告會上,出現的普遍問題是對文獻的研讀不夠,對研究背景的了解不夠深入,對研究方向上國內外的具體進展情況了解不夠全面、詳細,資料引用的針對性、可比性不強。有很多學生沒有完全搞清論文開題報告與文獻綜述的區別,他們的論文開題報告有很多僅僅是對前人工作的敘述,而對自己的工作介紹甚少。
文獻綜述的基本內容包括:國內外現狀;研究方向;進展情況;存在問題;參考依據。這是對學術觀點和理論方法的整理。同時,文獻綜述還是評論性的,因此要帶著作者本人批判的眼光來歸納和評論文獻,而不僅僅是相關領域學術研究的“堆砌”。
要想寫好論文開題報告,必須認真研讀文獻,對所研究的課題有個初步的了解,知道別人都做了哪些工作,哪些方面可以作為自己研究的切入點,因此,文獻調研的深入和全面程度,會相當程度地影響論文開題報告的質量,是學生充分發揮主觀能動性的客觀基礎。
(三)論文開題報告的格式及寫作技巧
1.論文開題報告格式
一個清晰的選題,往往已經隱含著論文的基本結論。對現有文獻的缺點的評論,也基本暗含著改進的方向。論文開題報告就是要把這些暗含的結論、論證結論的邏輯推理,清楚地展現出來。論文開題報告的寫作步驟:課題選擇—課題綜述—論題選擇—論文開題報告。論文開題報告的基本內容主要包括:選題的意義;研究的主要內容;擬解決的主要問題(闡述的主要觀點);研究(工作)步驟、方法及措施;畢業論文(設計)提綱;主要參考文獻。為了寫好論文開題報告,江蘇工業學院研究生部專門出台了詳細的規定,規定論文開題報告的一般內容包括:
(1)論文開題報告——課題來源、開題依據和背景情況,課題研究目的以及理論意義和實際應用價值。
(2)論文開題報告——文獻綜述。在閱讀規定文獻量(不少於50篇,其中外文文獻佔40%以上)的基礎上,著重闡述該研究課題國內外的研究現狀及發展動態,同時介紹查閱文獻的范圍以及查閱方式、手段。
(3)論文開題報告——主要研究內容。包括學術構思、研究方法、關鍵技術、技術路線、實施方案、可行性分析、研究中可能遇到的難點、解決的方法和措施以及預期目標。
(4)論文開題報告——擬採用的實驗手段,所需科研和實驗條件,估計課題工作量和所需經費,研究工作進度計劃。
(5)論文開題報告——主要參考文獻,列出至少10篇所查閱參考的文獻。
;6. 關於家電網路營銷的外文文獻
Japan's Sony Corporation, founded in 1946, formerly known as Communications Co., Ltd., Tokyo ", there were only 20 workers, 500 U.S. dollar assets. 50 years, co-founder Morita depth and it changed its name to" Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo. "Now, the cable Nepal has 72 subsidiaries, more than 40,000 employees in seven countries to set up more than 30 factories, in 1999, "Fortune" 500 list, Sony ranked No. 31, the amount of revenue 53,156,700,000 U.S. dollars, profits of 1.4 billion U.S. dollars, the amount of 53,182,900,000 U.S. dollars of assets. The company mainly proces TV sets, cameras, game consoles, such as more than 10,000 kinds of audio-visual equipment and household appliances, marketing its procts in more than 100 countries. 80 at the end of damage to Sony At that time, from the field of electronic entertainment hardware towards software, respectively, more than 20 billion dollars to 3.4 billion U.S. dollars and the United States acquired CBS and Columbia Pictures, but as a result of the purchase of misconct, mismanagement and cultural conflicts and other reasons, the company was plunged into difficulties, through marketing strategy and marketing culture change so that companies find their feet.
Second, the road of change Sony
(A) the depth and age of Morita
Founded at the beginning of Sony, Morita has depth and a dream: the electronics and engineering technology for the proction of integrated consumer procts, and to lead the world the new trend of electronic procts. One day in 1948, Japan Broadcasting Corporation in depth to see a US-made tape recorder, tape recorder was not yet known by the Japanese, the depth to see its potential and immediately applied for a patent in Japan.
At first, almost no one to buy their procts, Morita aware of the creativity of science alone is not enough, there is no reason why their customers buy the new procts, simply because they do not know of any use of this proct, which must be the Church how to use them. Morita inferred recorder market is the best school he. They can weigh up to 80 pounds of tape recorders, price 700 U.S. dollars, so cumbersome and expensive procts on the schools it is applied too. How do? So they put all the company's engineers go to a hotel room 10 days, in less than 9 months, Sony has finally proced a more or less the same size as the suitcase portable tape recorder, only the original price half. Morita super salesmen in Japan, everywhere around the lobby of the school to show teachers how to use the tape recorders were. Person's "need" also needs to be developed, the need to guide and persuade, in the lobby Morita, the 18-month, there are 40,000 schools in the 2 / 3 of the students bought a heavy tape recorder. After that, banks, institutions, universities, radio stations have to buy a tape recorder, or even everyone wants to have a tape recorder.
Depth of marketing the "nerve" is sharp, he first heard of Bell Labs developed a transistor known as the mystery of things, he would fly to the United States supported the investigation, for the first transistor to obtain all available information. He has spent 25,000 U.S. dollars to buy the franchise after the return of four technical working group organized to carry out research, he is the guiding ideology of micro-procts, under his leadership, and finally to create the world's first pocket transistor radio. His constant renovation of the marketing idea, to go in front of others and do things that others did not, therefore, he was always ahead. Is the first concept to be the world's first pocket-sized stereo recorder, the first mini-TV, the first mini-video player and so on, until the "Sony procts are always up-to-date" business reputation.
Sony's world, to understand the world advanced technology of information, study abroad, business management. In 1953, Morita visit to Europe and found the famous Philips is located in a remote township, he suddenly realize the truth in the saying: Philippe Sony can do can do! This trip a successful firm determination.
如果對你有幫助；望採納，--上海海淘信息科技網O(∩_∩)O謝謝
7. 能發給我幾份關於網路營銷的外文及翻譯么
The technical basis of network marketing
Network marketing is based on the technology infrastructure of computer network technology, as represented by information technology. Computer networks of modern communications technology and computer technology to the proct of combining it in different geographic regions and specialized computer equipment for external interconnection lines of communication into a large, powerful networks, thus enabling a large number of computers can easily transmit information to each other, share hardware, software, data and other resources. And network marketing is closely related to the computer network there are three types: the Internet, Extranet and Intranet.
] the theoretical basis for the network marketing
Theoretical foundation of network marketing is direct marketing network theory, network theory of relationship marketing, marketing theory and network software to integrate marketing theory.
Direct Response Network Marketing Theory
Internet marketing as an effective direct marketing strategy, network marketing that can be tested and measurable and can be evaluated and controlled. Therefore, the characteristics of the use of network marketing, you can greatly improve the efficiency of marketing and marketing decision-making effectiveness of the implementation.
Direct marketing theory is the 20th century, one of the 80's the concept of eye-catching. Direct Marketing Association of the United States for its definition is: "a place to proce any measurable response and (or) use the Stock Exchange reached one or more advertising media marketing system interaction." Directly Marketing the key to the theory that network marketing is that it can be tested, measurable, can be evaluated, which a fundamental solution to evaluate the effect of the traditional difficulties in marketing and marketing for more scientific decision-making possible.
(B) the network theory of relationship marketing
Relationship Marketing is a great importance since 1990 by the marketing theory, which mainly includes two basic points: First of all, in the macro level will be recognized that the scope of marketing a wide range of areas, including customer market, the labor market, the supply market , the internal market, the market stakeholders, as well as the affected market (government, financial markets); at the micro level, recognizing that the relationship between business and customers are constantly changing, the core of marketing should be a simple one-time past transactions to a focus on maintaining relations up long-term relationships. Socio-economic system, enterprises are a major subsystem, corporate marketing objectives by many external factors to the impact of marketing activities of enterprises is a consumers, competitors, suppliers, distributors, government agencies and social organizations the process of interaction, the correct understanding of the relationship between the indivial and the organization is the core of marketing is also key to business success or failure.
8. 電子商務 外文翻譯
Basic concepts
什麼是電子商務呢，說白了就是電子是手段，商務是目的。 What is e-commerce it, saying that white is the Electronics is a means, business is the goal. 電子商務，英文是Electronic Commerce，簡稱EC。 E-commerce, English is the Electronic Commerce, referred to as EC. 電子商務涵蓋 E-commerce covers 的范圍很廣，一般可分為企業對企業(Business-to-Business)，或企業對消費者(Business-to-Customer)兩種。 A wide range, generally can be divided into business to business (Business-to-Business), or business to consumers (Business-to-Customer) two kinds. 另外還有消費者對消費者（Customer-to-Customer)這種大步增長的模式。 There are also consumers of consumers (Customer-to-Customer) such a big growth pattern. 隨著國內Internet使用人數的增加，利用Internet進行網路購物並以銀行卡付款的消費方式已漸流畢臘行，市場份額也在迅速增長， 電子商務網站也層出不窮。 With the increase in the number of domestic Internet use, using Internet for online shopping and bank card payment has graally popular consumption patterns, market share is rapidly growing e-commerce sites are endless. 電子商務最常見之安全機制有SSL(安全套接層協議）及SET( 安全電子交易協議 ）兩種。 The most common security mechanism for e-commerce have SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and SET (Secure Electronic Transaction) two kinds.
定義： Definition:
廣義上指使用各種電子工具從事商務或活動。 The broad sense refers to the use of electronic tools for business or activities. 這些工具包括從初級的電報、電話、廣播、電視、傳真到計算機、 計算機網路 ，到NII（國家信息基礎結構－信息高速公路）、GII（激局全球信息基礎結構）和Internet等現代系統。 These tools range from elementary telegraph, telephone, radio, television, fax, computer, computer network, to the NII (National Information Infrastructure - Information Highway), GII (Global Information Infrastructure) and the Internet and other modern systems. 而商務活動是從泛商明數讓品（實物與非實物，商品與非商品化的生產要素等等）的需求活動到泛商品的合理、合法的消費除去典型的生產過程後的所有活動。 The commercial activities are concted from the Pan-goods (physical and non-physical, non-commercialization of goods and factors of proction, etc.) activities to the needs of the Pan-goods, a reasonable, legitimate consumer to remove the typical post-proction process of all activities. 狹義上指利用Internet從事商務或活動。 A narrow sense, refers to the use of Internet for business or activities.
【網路營銷和電子商務】 【Internet marketing and e-commerce】
從時間上來講，電子商務概念的出現要早於網路營銷。 From the time of speaking, e-commerce earlier than the emergence of the concept of network marketing.
電子商務最早產生於上個世紀60年代,90年代得到長足發展。 E-commerce originated in the last century 60's, 90's by leaps and bounds. 電子商務產生和發展的重要條件主要是: 計算機的廣泛應用。 And development of e-commerce, an important condition for mainly the following: extensive use of computers. 而網路營銷是隨著現代科學技術的發展、消費者價值觀的變革與日趨激烈的市場競爭等諸多因素,出現並迅速崛起的，網路營銷發展的最重要條件是：消費者價值觀念的變革。 Along with the network marketing is the development of modern science and technology, consumer values change and the increasingly fierce market competition, and many other factors, emerged and rapidly growing, Internet marketing, the development of the most important conditions are: changes in consumer values.
從字面意義上講，網路營銷概念要比電子商務大。 From the literal sense, the concept of network marketing than the big e-commerce.
電子商務通常是指是在廣泛的商業貿易活動中，在網際網路開放的網路環境下，買賣雙方不相謀面的情況下，實現交易達成的一種新型的商業運營模式，講求的是在網路銷售中獲得商業盈利。 E-commerce generally refers to commercial trade in a wide range of activities, on the Internet an open network environment, buyers and sellers are not known one another for the case of phase to achieve the deal of a new business model, and stress is that in online sales in the access to commercial profit. 網路營銷(cyber marketing),是指藉助聯機網路,電腦通訊和數字互動式媒體來實現的一種營銷方式，講求的是與目標人群的網路互動。 Internet Marketing (cyber marketing), refers to the use of online networks, computer communications and digital interactive media to achieve a kind of marketing, emphasizes that the network of interactions with the target population.
從包含的各個體系來說，網路營銷和電子商務是交叉存在的。 From the various systems contained in it, network marketing and e-commerce is a cross-exist.
電子商務涵蓋的范圍很廣，一般可分為B2B、B2C、 C2C、B2M四類電子商務模式。 Covers a wide range of e-commerce in general can be divided into B2B, B2C, C2C, B2M four categories of e-business models. 其中企業對企業(Business-to-Business)，和企業對消費者(Business-to- Consumer)兩種發展最早，另外還有消費者對消費者（Consumer-to-Consumer)這種大步增長的模式。 Including business to business (Business-to-Business), and business to consumer (Business-to-Consumer) two kinds of the earliest to develop, in addition to consumers for consumers (Consumer-to-Consumer) growth of this step模式. 網路營銷包含網路調研 、 網路廣告 、 網路公關 、整合營銷、seo、sem等內容，每個內容都可以單獨或者整合應用到電子商務中去。 Internet Marketing includes Internet research, online advertising, Internet public relations, integrated marketing, seo, sem and other content, each content can be applied alone or integrated into the e-commerce to go. 同樣電子商務也離不開這些網路營銷手段。 The same e-commerce marketing tool is also inseparable from these networks. 加100分行忙,我盡力了.